Environmental Entomology · 1989 · 12 citations · 0 references
Life SciencesEntomologyToxicologyInsect Developmental BiologyInsect PhysiologyInsect ToxicologyAppendage DevelopmentFeeding PhysiologyInsecticide ToxicologyLarval MorphologyPupal DevelopmentPupal MorphologyEcdysis MorphologyInsect Larval MortalityLarval Developmental ToxicityLarval InstarsPupal Developmental StagesPupal IntegumentSublethal Toxic EffectsTemperature Effects On Pupal Development
The growth and development of corn earworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie), larvae fed on artificial diets containing L-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (AZC) were markedly disrupted. This naturally occurring lower homolog of proline caused severe retardation of larval development, larval mortality resulting from exuvial ligature, death at larval-pupal ecdysis, formation of grossly deformed pupae, and nonsclerotization of the anterior ventral half of the pupal integument. The symptoms were dependent on the instar at which larvae were first reared on AZC, and on the concentration of AZC in the artificial diets. Late instars coped better with the toxic effects of this imino acid. The toxicity increased with temperature.