A Nine-Coordinated Bismuth(III) Complex Derived from Pentadentate 2,6-Diacetylpyridine Bis(⁴<i>N</i>-methylthiosemicarbazone): Crystal Structure and Both in Vitro and in Vivo Biological Evaluation

Abstract

Up to now, bismuth(III) complexes with thiosemicarbazones have been comparatively rare. Few in vivo biological studies have been carried out in comparison to the plentiful in vitro data. Here, an interesting nine-coordinated bismuth(III) complex, [Bi(H2L)(NO3)2]NO3 [1; H2L = 2,6-diacetylpyridine bis(4N-methylthiosemicarbazone)], has been synthesized and structurally characterized. The analytical data reveal the formation of 1:1 (metal/ligand) stoichiometry. In vitro biological studies have indicated that the bismuth complex 1 has shown much higher antibacterial and anticancer activities than its parent ligand, especially with MIC = 10.66 μM against Bacillus cereus and Salmonella typhimurium and IC50 = 26.8 μM against K562 leukemia cells, respectively. More importantly, it also evidently inhibits H22 xenograft tumor growth on tumor-bearing mice (10 mg/kg; inhibitory rate = 61.6%). These results indicate that coordination to bismuth(III) might be an interesting strategy in the discovery of new anticancer drug candidates.