Generative Tests for Generative Meter

Abstract

Valid tests for metrical theories can be constructed by removing the effect of 'poetic' syntactic transformations and observing the metrical consequences: e.g. Thy edge should blunter be is converted to Thy edge should be blunter (a metrical violation). Applying this approach to the over 500 inversions in Hamlet and the Sonnets provides considerable support for the metrical theories developed by Halle-Keyser and Kiparsky, with K faring slightly better. However, inversions affecting words like divine and enough suggest that minor revisions may be needed in K's rules. As each such revision becomes necessary, the likelihood increases that the set of permissible iambic pentameter lines is 'fuzzy' rather than well-defined.