Numerical simulation of nonlinear wave interacting with permeable breakwaters

Abstract

A fully nonlinear simulation model was developed to predict the wave transformation interacting with a permeable breakwater. The present model was applied to simulate wave transformations due to a rubble-mound breakwater and due to a caisson breakwater covered with armor units and verified by hydraulic model tests. Numerical experiments were also performed to interpret the stability of armor units and the wave-induced pressure on the caisson through the pile of armor units.