Monitoring of Five Different Insecticide Resistance Status in Turkish House Fly Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae) Populations and the Relationship Between Resistance and Insecticide Usage Profile

Abstract

Our results showed that pyrethroid resistance levels were very high and determined a decreasing trend for Antalya and İstanbul strains and an increasing trend for Adana and Şanlıurfa strain for all tested pyrethroid insecticides from 2004 to 2006. Although cypermethrin and cyphenothrin resistance showed a decreasing trend, deltamethrin and permethrin showed an increasing trend for the Izmir strain from 2004 to 2006. The same trend was also determined for the Ankara strain except for permethrin. Fenitrothion resistance was determined to be lower than pyrethroids, but these levels were still high. Flies from cow farms were generally more resistant than those from garbage dumps. Our results also revealed the presence of strong selective pressure on the populations.