Bionomics of Nearctic Bee-Associated Meloidae (Coleoptera); Life Histories and Nutrition of Certain Nemognathinae1

Abstract

The immature life histories of 8 species of bee-associated Nearctic Nemognathinae were studied and compared with those of the Meloinae. Included are the life cycles for 5 species reared successfully beyond the feeding stage (at 31±1/2°C) and 3 reared to the adult. Diapause was not obligatory in one species. Head capsule measurements substantiate a T1 – FG2–5 – C6 – SG7 – P – A ontogenetic pattern. Other bionomic data are included. Several food materials were evaluated. A paste consisting of mixed pollen (from honey bees), honey, and a mold inhibitor was found to be most acceptable. Eggs or larvae of bees were not necessary for development. The data suggest that some of the Nemognathinae are polyphagous. However, it is probable that some are pollen-specific and are as a result oligo- or monophagous. The effect of temperature on developmental rates is recorded for 2 species. The optimum temperatures for development coincide with field soil temperatures during the normal developmental period.