Synthesis Model and Design of a Common-Mode Bandstop Filter (CM-BSF) With an All-Pass Characteristic for High-Speed Differential Signals

Abstract

<?Pub Dtl=""?> A new common-mode bandstop filter (CM-BSF) with an all-pass performance (from dc to 9 GHz) for differential signals is proposed by using a C-shaped patterned ground structure (PGS) with meandered signal lines on a two-layer printed circuit board (PCB). This technique can successfully generate two close transmission zeros in common-mode within the frequencies of concern. A corresponding equivalent circuit model is established to predict the filter behaviors, and a formula for common-mode transmission zeros is derived based on the circuit model. Next, a design method is developed and a synthesis procedure is proposed. According to the procedure, a wideband CM-BSF is synthesized and fabricated on a two-layer PCB. In addition, the simulation and experiment results are demonstrated to verify the technique and show excellent performance of the proposed CM-BSF. It is shown that common-mode noise can be suppressed over 10 dB from 1.9 to 8.9 GHz with 130% fractional bandwidth (FBW) while the insertion loss of differential-mode can be kept less than 3 dB from dc to 9 GHz. The electrical size is only <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$0.21 \lambda_{g} \times 0.21 \lambda_{g}$</tex></formula> , where <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">$\lambda_{g}$</tex></formula> is the wavelength of the stopband central frequency. To sum up, the proposed CM-BSF has merits of low cost (two layer), a simple geometric structure, a compact size, and a large common-mode FBW. Most importantly, the filter can keep good signal integrity of the digital differential signals due to its all-pass characteristic.