Considering Constructability in Structural Topology Optimization

Abstract

Structural topology optimization is increasingly being used to generate design ideas for efficient structural systems (including gravity and lateral systems) for buildings. The optimization objective is typically to minimize weight (material cost), or to maximize performance subject to a fixed system weight. While useful for generating design ideas, this falls short of actual structural design objectives as it neglects constructability of the structural system, which is typically the primary governing cost in the construction of structures. This paper summarizes new advancements for addressing constructability objectives and constraints in topology optimization, moving towards design for minimum total constructed cost. These include treatment of standardized patterns, member orientations, and integer design variables. These ideas are presented in the context of truss and frame structures, and in optimizing rebar schedules in reinforced concrete design. While quantifying these costs remains a challenge, the presented tools provide a means for exploring the design space as a function of material and construction costs.