The Modernization Process in Two Oriental Music Cultures: Turkish and Japanese

Abstract

Is modernization the same as Europeanization? Will all developing countries eventually ask for McDonald's hamburger franchises and watch the same syndicated television programs? Or, as some historians of the modernization process have observed (Ward and Rustow 1964; Dore 1965; Nagai 1971; Jansen 1965), is the question more complex? Aren't there factors of social attitude, geography, government, and so forth, existing at the time of take-off, which lead each country down a unique path in the modern world? And, in this sometimes anxious struggle to become modernized, what happens to the musical life of a people?