Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters · 2011 · 64 citations · 31 references
Natural SciencesChemical EngineeringChemistryCatalysisInorganic ChemistryReaction EngineeringCatalyst DesignCatalyst SynthesisCatalytic MaterialsCatalytic Reaction EngineeringCathode MaterialsSupported CatalystsCarbon CatalystsCarbon DepositionCarbon SupportsCarbon-based CathodesCurrent DensityManganese CatalysisNitrogen Reduction ReactionOxygen Reduction Catalysts
Metal-nitrogen-carbon (MNC) cathode catalysts were synthesized using nitrogen precursors of varying NitrogenCarbon (NC) ratio by pyrolysis in a constant volume reaction vessel. Here, we demonstrate that increasing a key property, the NC ratio of the nitrogen precursor increased the accessible active site density by reducing carbon deposition in the pores of the carbon support during pyrolysis. The most active catalysts were obtained in this work using melamine, having a NC ratio of 2. Kinetic current density as high as 13 A cm-3 at 0.8 ViR-free and over 100 h of stable current at 0.5 V were observed with melamine based MNC catalysts. © 2011 The Electrochemical Society.
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