Multidirectional Instability of the Thoracic Spine Due to Iatrogenic Pedicle Injuries During Transpedicular Fixation

Abstract

Resection of the pedicles results in a significant decrease in axial rotation and lateral bending stability provided by the instrumentation. This effect was higher in the middle than in the lower thoracic spine and may be relevant to pedicle fractures produced by pedicle screws used in these regions.