The Stomach Spirochete Occurring in Mammals

Abstract

In 1893 Bizzozero discovered a spirochete in the stomach of dogs in Italy which he stated was in the parietal cells of the peptic glands.Salomon (1896), examining various animals in Germany, detected the same organism in the stomach of dogs, cats and rats, and was able to transmit it by feeding to the stomach of the mouse.He distinguished three forms morphologically and also found the spirochete to be actively motile with terminal flagella.Balfour (1906), in Egypt, observed spirochetes in gastric and intestinal ulcers of dogs and monkeys, produced by inoculation with a trypanosome (Trypanosoma dimorphon?).In the same year Krienitz (1906), in Germany, found three forms of spirochetes in the fresh stomach contents of a patient suffering from stomach cancer and later (1906a) studied the morphological changes resulting from alternations in environment.Afterward Regaud (1909), in France, found the organism by means of darkfield illumination and proved it to be a living micro-organism, notwithstanding that Carnot and Leliévre (1909) had described it as the secretion product of parietal cells.In the following year Lucet (1910) detected