A Study on Low Temperature Synthesis of BaTiO₃

Abstract

Barium titanate, a well-known ceramic capacitor material prepared by conventional techniques of solid state reaction between BaO and TiO2, requires high maturing temperature, i.e. 1250°–1300°C, which admittedly increases the cost of the product. In this investigation, alternative routes of preparation of BaTiO3, e.g. co-precipitation method and oxalate method are followed and compared to that by solid state reaction using TiCl4–derived TiO2. These alternatives are expected to reduce particle size and consequently the formation/sintering temperature of BaTiO3. The lowest formation temperature, obtained in case of the oxalate method, was found to be 750°C. In case of oxalate and coprecipitation method, formation of an intermediate step of barium titanyl oxalate and hydroxides was confirmed by using IR spectrophotometer. The particle size of the final product was studied by using scanning electron microscope.