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In Vitro Transformation Assay of Major Fractions of Cigarette Smoke Condensate (CSC) in Mammalian Cell Lines
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1973
Year
Tobacco CessationChemoprevention StrategyImmunologyImmunotherapeuticsCancer BiologyTumor BiologyTobacco ControlWeak AcidNicotineBioanalysisCancer Cell BiologyPublic HealthSmoking Related Lung DiseaseMammalian Cell LinesCancer ResearchBiochemistryOncogenic AgentImmune SurveillancePharmacologyVitro Transformation AssayCell BiologyMalignant DiseaseFractions 8Neutral FractionsMajor FractionsMedicine
It is interesting that the data from our in vitro studies corroborate the in vivo results obtained by Bock, Swain and Stedman (16). Bock, Swain and Stedman (16) reported that the weak acid (phenol) fraction (No. 8) and two neutral fractions (Nos. 13 and 14) had statistically significant tumor inducing activity. In addition, the third neutral fraction, 12, gave results suggesting activity, and the ether-soluble base fraction (No. 5) exhibited possible activity. We found cell transforming activity with four fractions (Nos. 3, 8, 13 and 14) of CSC. Fractions 8 and 14 exhibited early transformation in infected mouse and rat cells and also subsequently in uninfected hamster cells suggesting that they were most active. Fraction 13 showed transformation in infected mouse cells and uninfected hamster cells. In addition, fraction 3 demonstrated changes in infected mouse and rat cells. However, none of the fractions exhibited cell alteration in uninfected mouse and rat cells. These findings are consistent with previous reports that rat and mouse cells were readily transformed by chemical carcinogens (6–12) and smog extract (13, 14) when these cells were preinfected with C-type RNA viruses, whereas cells treated with chemical or virus alone were not transformed.