Effective Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Industrial Wastes Using Thiosalicylhydrazide-Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles

Abstract

A novel magnetic nanoadsorbent has been synthesized by the covalent immobilization of thiosalicylhydrazide on the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Size, structure, magnetic property, and porosity of the prepared magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The ability of the prepared MNPs for removing heavy metals ions (Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Co2+) from industrial wastes was studied, and the effects of different affecting parameters on the adsorption characteristics of the modified MNPs were investigated. The maximum adsorption capacities of Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Co2+ were found to be 188.7, 107.5, 76.9, 51.3, and 27.7 mg g–1, respectively. Excellent adsorption capacity of the modified nanoadsorbent together with other advantages such as reusability, easy separation, environmentally friendly composition, and freedom of interferences of alkaline earth metal ions make them suitable adsorbents for removal of heavy metal ions from environmental and industrial wastes.