Early Screening of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Recommendations for Practice and Research

TLDR

Screening standardizes monitoring of children for early ASD signs to promote earlier diagnosis. The article reviews evidence for ASD screening and proposes strategies to facilitate implementation and guide future research. The review examines peer‑reviewed evidence, identifies promising ASD‑specific and broadband screening tools from large community samples, and outlines strategies to overcome implementation challenges. Screening children 18–24 months old aids early detection, aligning with AAP recommendations.

Abstract

This article reviews current evidence for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) screening based on peer-reviewed articles published to December 2013. Screening provides a standardized process to ensure that children are systematically monitored for early signs of ASD to promote earlier diagnosis. The current review indicates that screening in children aged 18 to 24 months can assist in early detection, consistent with current American Academy of Pediatrics’ recommendations. We identify ASD-specific and broadband screening tools that have been ev-aluated in large community samples which show particular promise in terms of accurate classification and clinical utility. We also suggest strategies to help overcome challenges to implementing ASD screening in community practice, as well as priorities for future research.