Clinical and immunological characteristics of a pediatric population with food protein‐induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) to fish

Abstract

FPIES caused by fish in many cases presents with severe clinical manifestations. Patch test has poor diagnostic value, and OFC is the gold standard to test tolerance. The cytokine TNF-α may be implicated in the clinical symptoms. Higher expression of HLA-DR in dendritic cells has also been detected in our patients.