Sustainable-Resource-Based Carbon Dot–Silver Nanohybrid: A Strong Tool against <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i>, a Common Disease Vector

Abstract

With the evolution of material science, researchers are deeply concerned about the utility of sustainable resources for multifaceted advanced applications. Here we project an abundant, nonedible bioresource-based carbon dot–silver nanohybrid as a highly competent larvicidal agent against Culex quinquefasciatus. Mosquitoes have been the closest enemy of humankind for a very long time. Tropical areas around the globe suffer severe ailments due to mosquito-vector-borne diseases. Japanese encephalitis, lymphatic filariasis, etc. are such fatal threats spread by Culex species. With the emergence of nanotechnology, the perspectives of conventional antivector materials have changed dramatically. The C-dot precursor used here was the roots of Cyperus rotundus, a very abundant grass species found in South Asian countries. The nanohybrid was synthesized by a simple thermal approach without the application of additional reducing agent. The nanohybrid was distributed within a narrow size window of <10 nm. The material was extremely effective against C. quinquefasciatus larvae at a concentration of only 0.05 ppm. Electron microscopic evidence put forward the fact that the material enters the larval body by rupturing the cuticular membrane, subsequently destroying the intestinal system. Thus, the investigation endorses a sustainable nanoweapon to combat the aforesaid vector with immense potential for field applications.