European Journal of Organic Chemistry · 2016 · 73 citations · 37 references
Natural SciencesChemistryGreen ChemistryOrganic ChemistryOrganometallic ChemistryCarbene ComplexesHeterocycle SynthesisHeterocyclic ChemistrySolvent-free SynthesisHeterocycle FunctionalizationPalladium CatalystsSolvent-free Heterocycle Synthesis
Abstract A highly efficient solvent‐free protocol for the Buchwald–Hartwig (hetero)arylation of anilines, diarylamines, and dialkylamines mediated by the expanded‐ring N‐heterocyclic carbene palladium complex (THP‐Dipp)Pd(cinn)Cl [THP‐Dipp = 1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)‐3,4,5,6‐tetrahydropyrimidin‐2‐ylidene; cinn = cinnamyl, 3‐phenylallyl] was developed. The catalytic protocol was efficient for the coupling of amines and (hetero)aryl chlorides and bromides bearing donor, acceptor, and bulky substituents.
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The Measure of All Rings—N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes
Thomas Dröge, Frank Glorius · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · 2010 · 1.2K citations