Enhancement of the Liquefaction Rate in Small-Scale Helium Liquefiers Working Near and Above the Critical Point

Abstract

Helium is a precious resource, and cryogenic facilities worldwide operate under the threat of supply problems. Using thermodynamic principles, the authors reveal a method for more efficient small-scale helium liquefaction. This technology improves rates and lowers energy consumption by employing higher pressure during the liquefaction process. Thus the next generation of cryocooler-based liquefiers will enable convenient production of liquid helium locally within small laboratories, medical centers, and hospitals everywhere.