The Whale Optimization Algorithm

Particle swarm optimization

James Kennedy, R.C. Eberhart · 2002 · 47.5K citations

Architecture, Bioinformatics, Directed Evolution +7

Optimization by Simulated Annealing

Scott Kirkpatrick, C. D. Gelatt, M.P. Vecchi · Science · 1983 · 44.6K citations

Natural Sciences, Mathematics, Algorithms +10

Differential Evolution – A Simple and Efficient Heuristic for global Optimization over Continuous Spaces

Rainer Storn, Kenneth V. Price · Journal of Global Optimization · 1997 · 28.7K citations

Natural Sciences, Mathematics, Optimization +12

Grey Wolf Optimizer

Seyedali Mirjalili, Seyed Mohammad Mirjalili, Seyed Mohammad Mirjalili et al. · Advances in Engineering Software · 2014 · 18.4K citations · Full text

A powerful and efficient algorithm for numerical function optimization: artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm

Derviş Karaboğa · Journal of Global Optimization · 2007 · 7.5K citations

Computing, Computer Science, Mathematics +16