Insights into global diatom distribution and diversity in the world’s ocean

Significance Diatoms, considered one of the most diverse and ecologically important phytoplanktonic groups, contribute around 20% of global primary productivity. They are particularly abundant in nutrient-rich coastal ecosystems and at high latitudes. Here, we have explored the dataset generated by Tara Oceans from a wide range of oceanic regions to characterize diatom diversity patterns on a global scale. We confirm the dominance of diatoms as a major photosynthetic group and identify the most widespread and diverse genera. We also provide a new estimate of marine planktonic diatom diversity and a global view of their distribution in the world’s ocean.