Application of Wireless Sensor Networks with GIS on the Soil Moisture Distribution Mapping

Abstract

The development of microelectronics began in 1948 and continued with the miniaturisation of sensors during the last ten years. Today, microsystems which are used in silicon microtechnology are called microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Microsensors are defined as very small sized devices that convert humidity, moisture, temperature, pressure, pollutants, light intensity, etc. into electrical signal. Integration of MEMS with the radio frequency wireless communication technique put forward low power consuming, cheap and communicating small devices called wireless sensor networks (WSN). WSN have spatially distributed transceivers with microsensors that give the possibility of monitoring and collecting data easily and quickly. Nowadays, these devices are used in many different application areas like home automation, forest fire monitoring, traffic control, noise and pollutant detection in the crowded areas. Classical definition of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), which is known by everybody is a computer based system that collects, stores, edits, analyses and displays spatial data. GIS is a powerful tool to access, analyse and evaluate large amounts of spatial data. The total time to get the results is a strategic part of the study. GIS is very efficient for reaching the correct