Emission of Inorganic PM₁₀ during the Combustion of Spent Biomass from Mallee Leaf Steam Distillation

Abstract

A mallee leaf (∼1 cm long × ∼1 cm wide), termed as “raw leaf”, was distilled in steam for 60 min to extract essential oil (mainly 1,8-cineole) and prepare a spent leaf. The raw and spent leaf samples were size-reduced and sieved to 75−150 μm to prepare samples for combustion in a laboratory-scale drop-tube furnace at 1400 °C in air to investigate the effect of steam distillation on the emission behavior of inorganic particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of <10 μm (PM 10 ). The results show that steam distillation has little effect on the yields of PM 1 and the sum of Na, K, and Cl in PM 1 . However, it leads to considerable reductions in the yields of PM 1–10 and its key forming elements (Mg and Ca). The reduction in the PM 1–10 yield is another advantage of using the spent leaf as combustion feedstock, in addition to the extraction of 1,8-cineole as a value-added product.