Dibutylamine (DBA): A highly efficient catalyst for the synthesis of pyrano[2,3-<i>d</i>]pyrimidine derivatives in aqueous media

Abstract

Annulated pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized via one-pot, three-component condensation reactions of various aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile and barbituric acid in aqueous ethanol using dibutylamine (DBA) as catalyst. The potential application of DBA in organic synthesis is increasing rapidly due to its reaction simplicity, minimal reaction time, high yields of the desired products (83–94%) and low cost chemicals. All of the synthesized pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectra.