Influence of the Alkali-Silica Reaction on the Mechanical Degradation of Concrete

Abstract

The alkali-silica reaction (ASR) is an important problem that has yet to be completely understood. Owing to the complexity of this phenomenon, a number of studies have been conducted to characterize its kinetics, its impact on the material, and its structural consequences. This paper focuses on the deteriorating impact of ASR on concrete material, not only in terms of concrete swelling but also in consideration of the induced mechanical degradation. The relationships between concrete expansion and various engineering properties, which are key parameters in structural assessments, are investigated. First, new mechanical test results are presented. Second, available literature data on the evolution of engineering properties of ASR-affected concrete under free-expansion conditions are collected and statistically analyzed. The elastic modulus was found to be the best indicator for identifying the progression of ASR in concrete. Conversely, the evolution of compressive strength was observed to potentially mask damage resulting from the ASR. The tensile behavior of the affected concrete was better represented by the splitting tensile test.