Oral contraceptives and serum copper concentration.

Abstract

Serum copper concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy in 502 women (average age 23.8 years) using oral steroid contraceptives. Mean serum copper level in these women increased substantially (primarily during second or third cycle of treatment), corresponding to levels obtained during the second trimester of pregnancy. An average of 207 g/100 ml was found compared to an average of 129 g/100 ml in normal non-contracepting women. 6.5% of the cases experienced an increase in serum copper beyond the normal range, indicating possible liver dysfunction. Following cessation of oral contraceptives, serum copper level returned to the normal range within 4-6 weeks. The composition and type (combined or sequential) of steroid pills, and duration of treatment made no difference in serum copper levels. Knowledge of serum copper levels may help in selecting suitable subjects for oral contraceptive preparations and deciding when to cease medication in order to prevent early hepatic damage.