Energy Procedia · 2015 · 233 citations · 16 references
EngineeringComputer EngineeringComputer ScienceAir ConditioningHeat TransferStorage SystemsCooling SystemsData Storage SystemsEnergy-efficient Cloud ComputingEvaporative CoolingPower ManagementThermal ManagementCooling CentersCooling System ArchitectureCooling System DesignData Center CoolingData Center Energy OptimizationEnergy ConsumptionEnergy DensityOperational Energy Costs
Data centers are expanding in size and complexity, driving high energy demand, with cooling systems accounting for up to 40 % of total consumption and prompting efforts to improve energy efficiency. The paper aims to critically examine existing and emerging cooling technologies for data centers. The authors analyze current and future high‑efficiency cooling solutions, evaluating their technical characteristics and potential impact. The study discusses the advantages and drawbacks of each examined cooling system.
The growing number, size, complexity and energy density of data centers due to increasing demand for storage, networking and computation bring a considerable energy challenge. Several measures to improve energy efficiency are being studied, not only to allow a supportable industry growth but also to reduce operational costs. Cooling energy consumption constitutes a large portion of the total consumption of data centers, which can account up to 40% in the case of inefficient cooling systems. In this paper a critical discussion on existing and emerging technologies for data center cooling systems was carried out. Fundamental aspects concerning advantages and drawbacks of each examined cooling system were discussed. Moreover a critical analysis on next future technology solutions for obtaining high energy efficiency data center is performed.
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Aquasar: A hot water cooled data center with direct energy reuse
Severin Zimmermann, Ingmar Meijer, Manish K. Tiwari et al. · Energy · 2012 · 264 citations