American Journal of Human Biology · 2015 · 12 citations · 17 references
Social SciencesAnatomyAnthropologyComparative AnatomyHuman EvolutionRegional AnatomyAge Estimation From Skeletal RemainsHuman OsteologySex EstimationSex RatioSexual DimorphismSkeletal BiologyAnatomy Of The DigitsHuman Skeletal VariationSex Estimation From SkeletonsSexual Dimorphism In SkeletonsSkeletal DimorphismSkeletal Sex DifferencesSkeletal Sex EstimationSkeletal Traits
OBJECTIVES: Sexual dimorphism in the relative length of the second-to-fourth digits (the digit ratio, or 2D:4D) in humans has been reported in many studies. The aim of our study was to ascertain possibility of using the 2D:4D ratio as an additional marker for sex determination in the study of human skeletal remains. METHODS: We have studied 2D:4D ratios obtained from measurements of finger phalanges and metacarpal bones in Russian (45 adult males and 26 adult females) and German (58 adult males and 29 adult females) skeletal series. RESULTS: The difference in 2D:4D ratio between the male and female subsamples in both skeletal series was not statistically significant. Analysis of variance revealed that the 2D:4D ratios in our sample varied more by ethnicity than by the sexual identity of the skeletal material. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the 2D:4D ratio cannot be used as an appropriate trait for the sex determination of human skeletal remains. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:591-593, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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2nd to 4th digit ratios, fetal testosterone and estradiol
Svetlana Lutchmaya, Simon Baron‐Cohen, P R Raggatt et al. · Early Human Development · 2004 · 925 citations
Sex hormones and finger length
David A. Putz, Steven J. C. Gaulin, Robert Sporter et al. · Evolution and Human Behavior · 2004 · 336 citations