Isolation of Macro Mutants and Mutagenic Effectiveness, Efficiency in Black Gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper)

Abstract

The Present investigation was undertaken to study the frequency and spectrum of macro mutants along with the mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of different dose/ concentration of gamma rays and EMS in Black gram variety (Vamban-1). The seeds were treated with gamma rays (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100kR) and EMS (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25mM). The biological damage was calculated in M and M generation based on lethality (L) 12 and seedling Injury (I). In this genotypes number of chlorophyll mutants and viable mutants with effectiveness and efficiency were observed. Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency was calculated based on the biological damage of both generation in chlorophyll mutants and viable mutants. In general the mutation frequency was high on M plant basis than M plant for both the mutagens. The spectrum of chlorophyll mutants (Chlorina, 12 Albino, Xantha, Variegata) and Viable mutants (Dwarf, Tall, Tiny leaf, spreading, Bushy type) were observed in M and M generation. The mutagenic effectiveness decreased with the increased in dose/ concentration of 12 mutagen. Mutagenic efficiency (mutation rate in relation to damage of seedlings) increased at lower dose/ concentration and decreased with higher concentration. Mutagenic efficiency varied depending upon the criteria selected for its estimation. The present investigation the EMS treatments were found more efficient in causing less biological damage and inducing maximum amount of mutations.