Urinary Tract Infection: Bacterial etiologies, drug resistance profile andassociated risk factors in diabetic patients attending Gondar UniversityHospital, Gondar, Ethiopia

Abstract

A prospective cross sectional study was conducted t o determine the causative agents of UTI in asymptom atic and symptomatic diabetic patients, associated risk fact ors and drug resistance pattern of the isolates. B etween May and June 2010, a total of 422 diabetic patients with as ymptomatic UTI (n=387) and symptomatic UTI (n=35) w investigated for urinary tract infection at Gondar University Hospital. Clean catch mid-stream urine s pecimens were collected from each study subjects. Urine cult ure, identification and sensitivity tests were done using standard microbiologic procedure. The age range of study pa rticipants was 20 to 84 years (mean age 42.3 years) . Significant bacteriuria was detected in 14.7% and 51.4% of asym ptomatic and symptomatic diabetic patients, respect ively. The overall prevalence of significant bacteriuria in bo th groups was 17.8%. A total of 82 different bact erial uropathogens were isolated. Out of the 82 bacterial isolates, E. coli (31.7%), coagulase negative stap hylococci (CONs) (22%), Klebsiella spp. (14.6%), Enterococcus spp. (11%) and S. aureus (8.5%) were the commonest bacterial uropathogens in both groups. The gram pos itive and negative bacteria accounted for 42.7% and 57.3% of the bacteria isolates, respectively. Significant ba cteriuria was significantly associated with history of previous UTI, antibiotic treatment, type of diabetes and blood gl ucose level. Both gram positive and negative bacter ia showed significant level of resistance to most antimicrobi al agents tested . Multidrug resistance to two or more drugs was observed in 59.8% of bacterial isolates.