HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF ENDOMETRIUM IN DYSFUNCTIONAL UTERINE BLEEDING

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is one of the commonest presenting symptoms in gynaecology out-patient department. The term dysfunctional uterine bleeding is used to describe abnormal uterine bleeding for which no specific cause has been found. Endometrial biopsy could be effectively used as the first diagnostic step in DUB. This study was done to evaluate histopathology of endometrium for identifying the endometrial causes of DUB and to correlate them with various age groups MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective study, undertaken in the department of pathology of P. D. U. Medical College, Rajkot, over a period of two years from July 2010 to July 2012. 150 endometrial lesions diagnosed on histopathology were selected for the final analyses. RESULTS: The most common age group presenting with DUB was 41–50 years (40.6%). The commonest pattern in these patients was proliferative endometrium. The commonest pathology was simple cystic hyperplasia (25.3%). Other patterns identified were secretory endometrium, menstrual endometrium, Pseudodecidual changes, endometrial carcinomas. Endometrial causes of DUB and age pattern was statistically significant with P value <0.05. CONCLUSION: There is an age specific association of endometrial bleeding, with highest incidence in perimenopausal age group. The incidence of proliferative pattern was high in this study. Dilatation and curettage is helpful to exclude other organic pathology, which mimic DUB like endometrial polyp, endometritis, etc. It is useful for diagnosis, to assess therapeutic response and to know the pathological incidence of organic lesions in cases of dysfunctional uterine bleeding prior to surgery.