NANOSPHERES: A NOVEL APPROACH FOR TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Abstract

Nanospheres are the particles having the size range between 10-200 nm in diameter. Nanospheres can be amorphous or crystalline in nature and also they have the ability to protect the drug from enzymatic and chemical degradation. It has been shown that the hydrophobic surfaces of these particles are highly susceptible to opsonization and clearance by the reticulo endothelial system. The tiny capsule of drug store house is called vesicles and the solid skeleton structure is called Nanospheres. Biodegradable Nanospheres include albumin Nanospheres, modified starch Nanospheres, gelatin Nanospheres, polypropylene dextran Nanospheres and polylactic acid Nanospheres. In addition there are two more types of Nanospheres, immune Nanospheres and magnetic Nanospheres. Immuno-magnetic nanospheres can be prepared by combining the above two kinds of nanospheres, which could significantly improve its targeting. There are various ways of targeting nanospheres on the tumor, as long circulation purpose and also for the drug delivery in the brain. Nanospheres can be prepared by various methods but the solvent displacement technique is the best method. Now a days Nanotechnology is widely used for targeting the cancerous cells.