Deflecting Threat to One's Image: Dissembling Personal Information as a Self-Presentation Strategy

Abstract

Abstract Theory and research indicate upward comparisons can negatively influence self-evaluation and that people actively employ various protective strategies to mitigate the effect of such comparisons. This study examined whether people experiencing threatening comparisons dissemble personal information as a self-presentation strategy to portray a positive outward image. It was hypothesized that upward comparisons influence participants' self-image and consequently the frequency of untruthful statements they employ as part of their self-presentation efforts. Specifically, participants received feedback that they did better (or worse) than another individual and were led to believe this individual would evaluate them based on questionnaire responses. In support of the hypotheses, results indicated that the frequency of deceptions significantly increased and self-esteem and mood decreased when participants encountered threatening comparison information. Findings also showed that the relationship between upward comparison situations and the use of untruthful information as a self-presentation strategy was partially mediated by state self-esteem.