Entanglement in many-body systems

TLDR

Recent interest in quantum information and condensed matter has spurred activity at their intersection. This review focuses on the properties of entanglement in many‑body systems. The review discusses zero and finite temperature entanglement in interacting spin, fermion, and boson models, considers bipartite and multipartite entanglement, and examines out‑of‑equilibrium generation and manipulation via many‑body Hamiltonians. Numerous questions have been addressed, revealing that equilibrium entanglement is tightly linked to phase‑diagram characteristics and that its behavior can be related to thermodynamic quantities, enabling potential experimental tests.

Abstract

Recent interest in aspects common to quantum information and condensed matter has prompted a flurry of activity at the border of these disciplines that were far distant until a few years ago. Numerous interesting questions have been addressed so far. Here an important part of this field, the properties of the entanglement in many-body systems, are reviewed. The zero and finite temperature properties of entanglement in interacting spin, fermion, and boson model systems are discussed. Both bipartite and multipartite entanglement will be considered. In equilibrium entanglement is shown tightly connected to the characteristics of the phase diagram. The behavior of entanglement can be related, via certain witnesses, to thermodynamic quantities thus offering interesting possibilities for an experimental test. Out of equilibrium entangled states are generated and manipulated by means of many-body Hamiltonians.