Echocardiographic and Hemodynamic Indexes of Left Ventricular Preload in Patients with Normal and Abnormal Ventricular Function

Abstract

TEE and hemodynamic determinants of LV preload detected changes in LV function caused by acute blood loss. Acute blood loss caused directional changes in LV end-diastolic area, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure, and LV end-diastolic wall stress even in patients with LV wall motion abnormalities. Changes in LV end-diastolic wall stress, derived from both TEE and hemodynamic measurements corresponded to changes in cardiac output, stroke volume, and mixed venous oxygen saturation that occurred during acute blood loss.