Relationship between fish kairomone concentration in a lake and phototactic swimming by Daphnia

Abstract

Most research on anti-predator behaviour concerns aquatic systems A good example of anti-predator behaviour is diel vertical migration (DVM) of Daphnia as an escape from visually hunting fish Many zooplankton species descend before dawn and rise during dusk, thus living deeper in the water column during the day than during the night. These migrations have been studied for more than 100 years and an extensive literature is available (Cushing, 1951; However, over the last 10 years attention has been focused on the significance of migration behaviour for predator avoidance