Resilience implications of policy responses to climate change

TLDR

The study investigates whether climate‑change policy responses can undermine or enhance the long‑term resilience of social–ecological systems. Resilience is defined by the capacity to absorb perturbations, adapt within existing resources, and learn or innovate, and the authors assess nine regional policies by examining governance, feedback sensitivity, and problem framing. Certain policies, such as increased pine‑beetle harvests in Canada and global biofuel expansion, threaten long‑term resilience, whereas decentralized water planning in Brazil and Caribbean storm‑disaster management can strengthen it, underscoring the need to identify and reinforce multiple resilience sources. DOI: 10.1002/wcc.133; WIREs Climate Change 2011, 2:757–766.

Abstract

Abstract This article examines whether some response strategies to climate variability and change have the potential to undermine long‐term resilience of social–ecological systems. We define the parameters of a resilience approach, suggesting that resilience is characterized by the ability to absorb perturbations without changing overall system function, the ability to adapt within the resources of the system itself, and the ability to learn, innovate, and change. We evaluate nine current regional climate change policy responses and examine governance, sensitivity to feedbacks, and problem framing to evaluate impacts on characteristics of a resilient system. We find that some responses, such as the increase in harvest rates to deal with pine beetle infestations in Canada and expansion of biofuels globally, have the potential to undermine long‐term resilience of resource systems. Other responses, such as decentralized water planning in Brazil and tropical storm disaster management in Caribbean islands, have the potential to increase long‐term resilience. We argue that there are multiple sources of resilience in most systems and hence policy should identify such sources and strengthen capacities to adapt and learn. WIREs Clim Change 2011 2 757–766 DOI: 10.1002/wcc.133 This article is categorized under: Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change > Learning from Cases and Analogies