Tunnel entrance lighting—a comparison of recommended practice

Abstract

Recent discussions have revealed discrepancies between the proposed CIE recommendations for the lighting of tunnel entrances and other proposals, particularly those adopted in Japan. The differences are analysed and it is shown that these are due chiefly to the way in which basically similar research results are applied, and especially to the assumptions made regarding traffic behaviour and traffic conditions. It is argued that the CIE assumptions are the most realistic for all general conditions and that the other proposals are only applicable in exceptional circumstances.