The Resistance of Clamped Sandwich Beams to Shock Loading

TLDR

Sandwich beam response to blast is modeled in three stages: initial fluid‑structure interaction, core crushing with momentum sharing, and final retardation by plastic bending and stretching. The study aims to use performance charts to identify the geometry that maximizes blast resistance for a fixed beam mass. A systematic design procedure, based on a third‑stage analytical model, is developed to predict the dynamic response of clamped sandwich beams to blast impulses. Performance charts show that sandwich beams, especially with diamond‑celled cores, can achieve an order‑of‑magnitude improvement in water blast resistance, while only a moderate gain is seen in air blast compared to monolithic beams.

Abstract

A systematic design procedure has been developed for analyzing the blast resistance of clamped sandwich beams. The structural response of the sandwich beam is split into three sequential steps: stage I is the one-dimensional fluid-structure interaction problem during the blast loading event, and results in a uniform velocity of the outer face sheet; during stage II the core crushes and the velocities of the faces and core become equalized by momentum sharing; stage III is the retardation phase over which the beam is brought to rest by plastic bending and stretching. The third-stage analytical procedure is used to obtain the dynamic response of a clamped sandwich beam to an imposed impulse. Performance charts for a wide range of sandwich core topologies are constructed for both air and water blast, with the monolithic beam taken as the reference case. These performance charts are used to determine the optimal geometry to maximize blast resistance for a given mass of sandwich beam. For the case of water blast, an order of magnitude improvement in blast resistance is achieved by employing sandwich construction, with the diamond-celled core providing the best blast performance. However, in air blast, sandwich construction gives only a moderate gain in blast resistance compared to monolithic construction.