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Effect of Hydration of Polyamide Membranes on the Surface Electrokinetic Parameters: Surface Characterization by X-Ray Photoelectronic Spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy

Conducting PolymerChemical EngineeringMembrane FormationEngineeringPolyamide MembranesPolymer ScienceSurface ScienceX-ray Photoelectronic SpectroscopyMembrane CharacterizationSurface Electrokinetic ParametersSurface ModificationPolymer MembranePolymer ChemistryElectrochemistry