Synthesis of Tricyclic Fused 3‐Aminopyridines through Intramolecular Co^I‐Catalyzed [2+2+2] Cycloaddition between Ynamides, Nitriles, and Alkynes

Abstract

Three-ring circus: An expedient route to tricyclic fused 2-trimethylsilyl-3-aminopyridines exhibiting unprecedented skeletons is described. The key step is a very efficient cobalt-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of a polyunsaturated compound displaying an ynamide, an alkyne, and a nitrile functionality (see picture). The first [2+2+2] cocyclizations between ynamides, nitriles, and alkynes are reported. They open a new access to unprecedented nitrogen-containing heterocycles of type 2-trimethylsilyl-3-aminopyridines. Such frameworks, which can be found in various compounds of biological interest, are very difficult to prepare by conventional methods. However, using [CpCo(C(2)H(4))(2)] (Cp=cyclopentadienyl) as catalyst, the intramolecular cyclizations could be achieved in up to 100 % yield. The presence of the trimethylsilyl group allowed a rare type of Hiyama cross-coupling: one of the silylated pyridines could be coupled with p-iodoanisole to give a new type of biaryl system.