Terrestrial ecosystem production: A process model based on global satellite and surface data

TLDR

The study develops a seasonal‑resolution model to quantify how global climatic and edaphic factors control terrestrial ecosystem production and soil microbial respiration. Using satellite‑derived solar radiation, monthly temperature and precipitation, and global soil attributes, the CASA Biosphere model simulates monthly net plant carbon fixation, biomass, nutrient allocation, litterfall, soil nitrogen mineralization, and microbial CO₂ production. The model estimates global net primary production at 48 Pg C yr⁻¹, with over 70 % occurring between 30° N and 30° S, steady‑state litter pools of 174 Pg C, a top‑0.3 m soil carbon pool of 300 Pg C, and significant correlations between seasonal atmospheric CO₂ variations and estimated net ecosystem production across latitudinal bands.

Abstract

This paper presents a modeling approach aimed at seasonal resolution of global climatic and edaphic controls on patterns of terrestrial ecosystem production and soil microbial respiration. We use satellite imagery (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer and International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project solar radiation), along with historical climate (monthly temperature and precipitation) and soil attributes (texture, C and N contents) from global (1°) data sets as model inputs. The Carnegie‐Ames‐Stanford approach (CASA) Biosphere model runs on a monthly time interval to simulate seasonal patterns in net plant carbon fixation, biomass and nutrient allocation, litterfall, soil nitrogen mineralization, and microbial CO 2 production. The model estimate of global terrestrial net primary production is 48 Pg C yr −1 with a maximum light use efficiency of 0.39 g C MJ −1 PAR. Over 70% of terrestrial net production takes place between 30°N and 30°S latitude. Steady state pools of standing litter represent global storage of around 174 Pg C (94 and 80 Pg C in nonwoody and woody pools, respectively), whereas the pool of soil C in the top 0.3 m that is turning over on decadal time scales comprises 300 Pg C. Seasonal variations in atmospheric CO 2 concentrations from three stations in the Geophysical Monitoring for Climate Change Flask Sampling Network correlate significantly with estimated net ecosystem production values averaged over 50°–80° N, 10°–30° N, and 0°–10° N.