Emergence of OXA-48 and OXA-181 Carbapenemases among Enterobacteriaceae in South Africa and Evidence of <i>In Vivo</i> Selection of Colistin Resistance as a Consequence of Selective Decontamination of the Gastrointestinal Tract

Abstract

This study reports on the emergence of OXA-48-like carbapenemases among isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in South Africa. In addition, the emergence during therapy of a colistin-resistant OXA-181-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate was documented following selective digestive tract decontamination with oral colistin, which is therefore strongly discouraged.