Expression of the Baculovirus <i>p35</i> Gene Inhibits Mammalian Neural Cell Death

Abstract

Expression of the apoptosis suppressor gene p35, derived from the baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, markedly inhibited the cell death of stably transfected mammalian neural cells whether the cell death was induced by glucose withdrawal, calcium ionophore, or serum withdrawal. The p35 protein, which is required to block virus-induced apoptosis of cultured insect cells, is only the second gene product shown to block mammalian neural cell death, with Bcl-2 being the first. Because there is no apparent homology between p35 and Bcl-2, the existence of a cellular death program that may be modulated at multiple points is suggested. Furthermore, these findings demonstrate that the putative cellular death program is conserved across species and cell types.