Synthesis of BaTiO ₃ Particles with Tailored Size by Precipitation from Aqueous Solutions

Abstract

Well‐defined and stoichiometric spherical particles of BaTiO 3 of narrow size distribution were produced at 82° and 92°3C by precipitation from chloride solutions in a strong alkaline environment. The size of the particles can be tailored in the range from ≅10 3 to 70–80 nm by increasing the barium concentration from ≅0.07 to 0.7 mol/L. The particles are composed of tight aggregates resulting from the assembly of several nanocrystals. The size of the nanocrystals decreases from 200–300 to 30–40 nm by increasing reactant concentration. At low barium concentration (≤0.07 mol/L at 82°3C, ≤0.06 mol/L at 92°3C), formation of BaTiO 3 is strongly slowed down and nonstoichiometric, Ti‐rich powders are produced. Under these conditions, the particles have the tendency to develop a dendritic‐like morphology.