Thermal Degradation Behavior of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Starch/Carboxymethyl Cellulose/ Clay Nanocomposites

Abstract

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) / starch (S) /Carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) / Montmorillonite (MMT) bionanocomposite films were prepared from PVA, MMT, CMC and soluble starch aqueous suspensions by casting method in the presence of a plasticizer that contained glycerol. The kinetics of thermal degradation of PVA/S/CMC/MMT blends was investigated by thermogravimetry (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG). Experiments under non-isothermal conditions were carried out for samples in nitrogen (the inert atmosphere in order to avoid thermoxidative degradation) at heating rates of 7.5, 10 and 150C/min. The Ozawa method was used to calculate the activation energy of thermal degradation for PVA/S/CMC and PVA/S/CMC/MMT blends. The thermal stability of PVA/S/CMC/MMT blends is higher than that of PVA/S/CMC suggesting that the addition of MMT improved the thermal stability of PVA/S/CMC blend. At least four degradation distinct stages were identified in the PVA/S/CMC/MMT blends by means of using TGA, being assigned to the mass loss due to the plasticizer leaching, and to the degradation of the starch, CMC and PVA fractions.