Residual stress. Part 2 – Nature and origins

TLDR

Residual stress is the stress that remains in a stationary body at equilibrium, which can weaken welded joints but also be harnessed to create damage‑resistant materials such as toughened glass. This paper investigates the nature and origins of residual stresses across multiple length scales. The study covers long‑range residual stress fields in engineering components and welded structures, interphase stresses in composites and coatings, and microscale interactions between phase transformations and local stresses.

Abstract

AbstractAbstractResidual stress is that which remains in a body that is stationary and at equilibrium with its surroundings. It can be detrimental when it reduces the tolerance of the material to an externally applied force, as is the case with welded joints. On the other hand, it can be exploited to design materials or components which are resistant to damage, toughened glass being a good example. This paper, the second part of a two part overview, the first part having been devoted to measurement techniques, examines the nature and origins of residual stresses across a range of scales. This extends from the long range residual stress fields in engineering components and welded structures, through the interphase stresses present in composites and coatings, to the microscale interactions of phase transformations with local stresses.