Perspectives on the Evolution of Simulation

TLDR

Simulation, especially discrete‑event modeling, has evolved over nearly fifty years within operations research and management sciences, shaped by reciprocal advances in computer science, probability, statistics, mathematics, and computing technology. The field’s development is framed by professional societies, conferences, symposia, and publications. The review confirms simulation’s progress across its technical domains and cites a 30‑year‑old value judgment that encourages reflection on the next fifty years.

Abstract

Simulation is introduced in terms of its different forms and uses, but the focus on discrete event modeling for systems analysis is dominant as it has been during the evolution of the technique within operations research and the management sciences. This evolutionary trace of over almost fifty years notes the importance of bidirectional influences with computer science, probability and statistics, and mathematics. No area within the scope of operations research and the management sciences has been affected more by advances in computing technology than simulation. This assertion is affirmed in the review of progress in those technical areas that collectively define the art and science of simulation. A holistic description of the field must include the roles of professional societies, conferences and symposia, and publications. The closing citation of a scientific value judgment from over 30 years in the past hopefully provides a stimulus for contemplating what lies ahead in the next 50 years.