Prevalence and Treatment of Mental Health and Substance Use Problems in the Early Emerging Adult Years in the United States

Abstract

Onset of most mental disorders occurs by the mid-20s, yet studies of mental health (MH) status are limited for younger adults (YAs) aged 18–25. The objectives were to determine YAs’ rates of MH and substance use (SU) disorders, treatment, and sociodemographic disparities. To determine relative vulnerability and unmet need, overall rates were compared between ages 18–25 and 26–34. Using the 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health ( n = 25,216), we estimated past-year serious psychological distress, major depressive episode, alcohol and drug abuse/dependence, and treatment for both age groups and examined YA subgroup differences (gender, race/ethnicity, income, education, and insurance). YAs had higher prevalence of MH and SU disorders, but lower treatment rates than older adults. YA females had higher MH but lower SU disorder rates than males. Other sociodemographic disparities were noted. Efforts to improve YAs’ MH status are necessary to foster a successful transition to adulthood.